That said, I am quite lucky when it comes to my health, I haven't been to the doctors for years – although I am afraid of going for a check-up and I'm not a fan of needles or injections – I hardly ever if never I get headaches. Once in a while I get a toothache, but luckily that fades, so I haven't had to go to the dreaded dentist for years and years. Others aren't so lucky, my brother for instance always manages to injure himself no matter what sport he plays, but luckily nothing serious like a fractured arm or leg where he has to have it in plaster, but to injure himself in a way where he has to wear a sling is possible. We all have that one friend who is unlucky and might suffer from migraines and that friend who is usually wearing a plaster because they cut themselves while chopping something in the kitchen. Talking of cuts, if you cut yourself and it's a small cut, you don't need a plaster. You just run it under the tap to clean it and it will heal itself. If the cut is bigger it might need a bandage and if it is a deep cut it might need stitches which could leave a scar.

Note: Russian and Ukrainian speakers will often use the word trauma to describe injury. While they do mostly mean the same thing, the word trauma is used more in medical English.

Nowadays we live in a world where people are worried about their health and they are trying to do more to become healthier. Some go for a jog in the morning or cycle to work, it's not uncommon to see many joggers and cyclists in the park in the morning, but sadly one of them is not me. There are many health issues around the world like obesity in America and the UK which is caused by a lack of exercise and unhealthy diets. High pollution in China can often cause asthma and affect people's breathing. Often these people need to carry around an inhaler to help when they struggle to breathe. More and more people go to the gym to get into shape when they are out of shape - usually every January - or in reality to take selfies and upload them to Instagram. They like to show off their six-pack, perky bums, and how strong they are by showing us the weights they are using. Rarely do we see any gym pictures of people covered in sweat, messy hair, and sweat patches on their t-shirts.. the real story.

I'm sure you know the phrasal verb to work out (exercise). Well, we have a few other useful phrasal verbs which we often use when we talk about our health, lifestyle, and exercise habits. Below is some in context with the meaning at the end in brackets.

Health and Fitness Phrasal Verbs

I need to cut down on the amount of fizzy drinks I drink. I drink a lot (reduce)
Right now I have a runny nose and think I am coming down with flu (becoming ill)
Last year I cut out coffee from my life and now I sleep much better (stop)
He goes to the gym 5 days a week  bulk up (increase your muscle size)
I can only stay in a sauna for 5 minutes. Any longer and I feel like I'm going to pass out (lose consciousness)
I'm sorry I can't come into work today, I don't feel up to it. I still have a headache (to not feel well enough to do something)

We also have some useful collocations. Look at them in English, translate them into your own language, and then say them again in English without changing anything.

Fitness collocations – words that go together
to join a gym
to do sit-ups/pull-ups/press-ups
to take medicine/ * Ukrainian/Russian students will often say EAT PILLS. You TAKE all forms of medicine unless it is an injection and then you HAVE an injection. 
to put on weight
to go for a jog
to be a member of a gym
to cycle to work
to have crutches / a walking stick
to pull a muscle
to be on medication
to have a runny nose
to have a blocked up nose
to not feel up to doing something - great for cancelling plans ;)
to lose weight
to have a headache/toothache

And, lastly, let's test your knowledge of some useful medical words you might need one day when trying to explain what is wrong. See if you can guess the word by the below description of the problem.

Doctor, doctor I have......

I have a red patch on my skin.
You have a RASH

My hand is 'bigger' because I hit it against a wall
Your hand is SWOLLEN

I have a pain in my throat
You have a SORE THROAT

I have painful red skin because I spent all day in the sun
You have SUNBURN

I have a big blue shape on my skin after I fell over
You have a BRUISE

I have a line on my skin after my operation
You have a SCAR

Depending on how bad your problem is, your doctor might give you a prescription

And, one last question to think about before you go. Do people let themselves go after they get married? Think about it......


Words
fit – to be at a good level of fitness
out of breath – when you breathe very heavily
unfit - to be at a low level of fitness
struggle – when something is not easy for you to do
aching – a light pain in an area of the body
to feel stiff – when your body is not mobile and harder to move
warm up – stretches before you exercise
warm down – stretches after your exercise
recover - for your body to go back to normal
check-up – a visit to the doctor for him to check your general health
needles - the sharp part of an injection which goes into your body
injection - used to inject something into the body
headache – pain in the head
toothache – a pain in the tooth
fades – when a pain slowly gets less and less painful until it is gone
injure / injury - when you hurt yourself doing something
fracture - the medical term for break. There are different types of fractures
in plaster – for broken bones. A hard 'case' around the limb on the outside of the body to protect it
wear a sling - like a belt for your arm to keep it in one position
migraines - regular headaches
a plaster - a little sticky thing that goes over a cut to help protect it
run it over the tap -to put a cut under water. Usually to clean and clear any blood
heal itself - without any help the problem fixes itself
bandage - protection for a wound which usually needs to be wrapped around the problem
stitches - sewing your skin together
scar - a mark left on your skin after an operation or bad cut
obesity - a problem with very fat people
asthma - a condition which makes breathing difficult in different situations and environments
inhaler - click here
get into shape - to look and feel good
out of shape - to look and feel bad
six pack - six muscles on your stomach. The ultimate goal....
perky bums - round and good looking.... asses
weights - what the guy in the picture of this post is doing. He is lifting weights
sweat - the liquid that leaves your body through your skin after hard work
sweat patches - areas on your clothes that look wet
fizzy drinks - Cola and all those type of drinks
runny nose - when your nose becomes a rainy cloud
let yourself go - when you don't care so much about your shape or appearance any more



Cheers
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